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Terms, Icons, and Labels

Many classes have shortcut names used when creating (instantiating) a class with a configuration object. The shortcut name is referred to as an alias (or xtype if the class extends Ext.Component). The alias/xtype is listed next to the class name of applicable classes for quick reference.

Access Levels

Framework classes or their members may be specified as private or protected. Else, the class / member is public. Public, protected, and private are access descriptors used to convey how and when the class or class member should be used.

Member Types

Member Syntax

Below is an example class member that we can disect to show the syntax of a class member (the lookupComponent method as viewed from the Ext.button.Button class in this case).

lookupComponent ( item ) : Ext.Component
protected

Called when a raw config object is added to this container either during initialization of the items config, or when new items are added), or {@link #insert inserted.

This method converts the passed object into an instanced child component.

This may be overridden in subclasses when special processing needs to be applied to child creation.

Parameters

item :  Object

The config object being added.

Returns
Ext.Component

The component to be added.

Let's look at each part of the member row:

Member Flags

The API documentation uses a number of flags to further commnicate the class member's function and intent. The label may be represented by a text label, an abbreviation, or an icon.

Class Icons

- Indicates a framework class

- A singleton framework class. *See the singleton flag for more information

- A component-type framework class (any class within the Ext JS framework that extends Ext.Component)

- Indicates that the class, member, or guide is new in the currently viewed version

Member Icons

- Indicates a class member of type config

- Indicates a class member of type property

- Indicates a class member of type method

- Indicates a class member of type event

- Indicates a class member of type theme variable

- Indicates a class member of type theme mixin

- Indicates that the class, member, or guide is new in the currently viewed version

Class Member Quick-Nav Menu

Just below the class name on an API doc page is a row of buttons corresponding to the types of members owned by the current class. Each button shows a count of members by type (this count is updated as filters are applied). Clicking the button will navigate you to that member section. Hovering over the member-type button will reveal a popup menu of all members of that type for quick navigation.

Getter and Setter Methods

Getting and setter methods that correlate to a class config option will show up in the methods section as well as in the configs section of both the API doc and the member-type menus just beneath the config they work with. The getter and setter method documentation will be found in the config row for easy reference.

History Bar

Your page history is kept in localstorage and displayed (using the available real estate) just below the top title bar. By default, the only search results shown are the pages matching the product / version you're currently viewing. You can expand what is displayed by clicking on the button on the right-hand side of the history bar and choosing the "All" radio option. This will show all recent pages in the history bar for all products / versions.

Within the history config menu you will also see a listing of your recent page visits. The results are filtered by the "Current Product / Version" and "All" radio options. Clicking on the button will clear the history bar as well as the history kept in local storage.

If "All" is selected in the history config menu the checkbox option for "Show product details in the history bar" will be enabled. When checked, the product/version for each historic page will show alongside the page name in the history bar. Hovering the cursor over the page names in the history bar will also show the product/version as a tooltip.

Search and Filters

Both API docs and guides can be searched for using the search field at the top of the page.

On API doc pages there is also a filter input field that filters the member rows using the filter string. In addition to filtering by string you can filter the class members by access level, inheritance, and read only. This is done using the checkboxes at the top of the page.

The checkbox at the bottom of the API class navigation tree filters the class list to include or exclude private classes.

Clicking on an empty search field will show your last 10 searches for quick navigation.

API Doc Class Metadata

Each API doc page (with the exception of Javascript primitives pages) has a menu view of metadata relating to that class. This metadata view will have one or more of the following:

Expanding and Collapsing Examples and Class Members

Runnable examples (Fiddles) are expanded on a page by default. You can collapse and expand example code blocks individually using the arrow on the top-left of the code block. You can also toggle the collapse state of all examples using the toggle button on the top-right of the page. The toggle-all state will be remembered between page loads.

Class members are collapsed on a page by default. You can expand and collapse members using the arrow icon on the left of the member row or globally using the expand / collapse all toggle button top-right.

Desktop -vs- Mobile View

Viewing the docs on narrower screens or browsers will result in a view optimized for a smaller form factor. The primary differences between the desktop and "mobile" view are:

Viewing the Class Source

The class source can be viewed by clicking on the class name at the top of an API doc page. The source for class members can be viewed by clicking on the "view source" link on the right-hand side of the member row.

Ext JS 6.2.2


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Class System

Overview

Ext JS ships with hundreds of classes. We have more than 2 million developers to date and they come from various backgrounds and locations. At that scale, we face a big challenge in providing a common code architecture that is:

  • Familiar and simple to learn
  • Fast to develop, easy to debug, and painless to deploy
  • Organized, extensible, and maintainable

Because JavaScript is a classless, prototype-oriented language, one of its most powerful features is flexibility. There are multiple solutions to any problem using many different coding styles and techniques. However, this comes with the cost of being unpredictable. Without a unified structure, JavaScript code can be difficult to understand, maintain, and re-use.

Class-based programming, on the other hand, is still the most popular model of Object Oriented Programming. Class-based languages usually requires strong-typing, encapsulation, and standard coding conventions. By making developers adhere to a large set of principles, code is more likely to be predictable, extensible, and scalable over time. However, this model doesn't have JavaScript's dynamic capability.

Each approach has pros and cons, but can we keep the good parts of both while hiding the bad parts? The answer is yes, and you can find the solution with Ext JS.

Naming Conventions

Using consistent naming conventions throughout your code base for classes, namespaces and filenames helps keep your code organized, structured and readable.

Classes

Class names may only contain alphanumeric characters. Numbers are permitted but discouraged, unless they belong to a technical term. Do not use underscores, hyphens, or any other non-alphanumeric character. For example:

  • MyCompany.useful_util.Debug_Toolbar is discouraged
  • MyCompany.util.Base64 is best

Class names should be grouped into packages when appropriate and properly namespaced using object property dot-notation (.). At a minimum, there should be one unique top-level namespace followed by the class name. For example:

MyCompany.data.CoolProxy
MyCompany.Application

The top-level namespaces and the actual class names should be CamelCased. Everything else should be all lower-cased. For example:

MyCompany.form.action.AutoLoad

Classes that are not distributed by Sencha should never use Ext as the top-level namespace.

Acronyms should also follow CamelCased convention listed above. For example:

  • Ext.data.JsonProxy instead of Ext.data.JSONProxy
  • MyCompany.util.HtmlParser instead of MyCompary.parser.HTMLParser
  • MyCompany.server.Http instead of MyCompany.server.HTTP

Source Files

The names of the classes map directly to the file paths in which they are stored. As a result, there must only be one class per file. For example:

  • Ext.util.Observable is stored in path/to/src/Ext/util/Observable.js
  • Ext.form.action.Submit is stored in path/to/src/Ext/form/action/Submit.js
  • MyCompany.chart.axis.Numeric is stored in path/to/src/MyCompany/chart/axis/Numeric.js

path/to/src is the directory of your application's classes. All classes should stay under this common root and should be properly namespaced for the best development, maintenance, and deployment experience.

Methods and Variables

  • In a similar fashion to class names, method and variable names may only contain alphanumeric characters. Numbers are permitted but discouraged unless they belong to a technical term. Do not use underscores, hyphens, or any other non-alphanumeric character.
  • Method and variable names should always be in camelCased. This also applies to acronyms.

Examples

  • Acceptable method names:

    • encodeUsingMd5()
    • getHtml() instead of getHTML()
    • getJsonResponse() instead of getJSONResponse()
    • parseXmlContent() instead of parseXMLContent()
  • Acceptable variable names:

    • var isGoodName
    • var base64Encoder
    • var xmlReader
    • var httpServer

Properties

  • Class property names follow the exact same convention except when they are static constants.

  • Static class properties that are constants should be all upper-cased. For example:

    • Ext.MessageBox.YES = "Yes"
    • Ext.MessageBox.NO = "No"
    • MyCompany.alien.Math.PI = "4.13"

Declaration

You may use a single method for class creation: Ext.define. Its basic syntax is as follows:

Ext.define(className, members, onClassCreated);
  • className: The class name
  • members is an object that represents a collection of class members in key-value pairs
  • onClassCreated is an optional function callback that is invoked when all dependencies of the defined class are ready and the class itself is fully created. Due to the asynchronous nature of class creation, this callback can be useful in many situations. These will be discussed further in Section IV

Example:

Ext.define('My.sample.Person', {
    name: 'Unknown',

    constructor: function(name) {
        if (name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    },

    eat: function(foodType) {
        alert(this.name + " is eating: " + foodType);
    }
});

var bob = Ext.create('My.sample.Person', 'Bob');

bob.eat("Salad"); // alert("Bob is eating: Salad");

Note: We created a new instance of My.sample.Person using the Ext.create() method. We could have used the new keyword (new My.sample.Person()). However it is recommended to get in the habit of always using Ext.create since it allows you to take advantage of dynamic loading. For more info on dynamic loading see the Getting Started guide

Configuration

There is also a dedicated config property that gets processed by the powerful Ext.Class pre-processors before the class is created. Features include:

  • Configurations are completely encapsulated from other class members
  • Getter and setter methods for every config property are automatically generated into the class prototype during class creation if methods are not already defined.
  • The auto-generated setter method calls the apply method (if defined on the class) internally before setting the value. You may override the apply method for a config property if you need to run custom logic before setting the value. If your apply method does not return a value, the setter will not set the value. The update method (if defined) will also be called when a different value is set. Both the apply and update methods are passed the new value and the old value as params.

For Ext classes that use the configs, you don't need to call initConfig() manually. However, for your own classes that extend Ext.Base, initConfig() still needs to be called.

You can see configuration examples below.

Ext.define('My.own.Window', {
   extend: 'Ext.Component',
   /** @readonly */
   isWindow: true,

   config: {
       title: 'Title Here',

       bottomBar: {
           height: 50,
           resizable: false
       }
   },

   applyTitle: function(title) {
       if (!Ext.isString(title) || title.length === 0) {
           alert('Error: Title must be a valid non-empty string');
       }
       else {
           return title;
       }
   },

   applyBottomBar: function(bottomBar) {
       if (bottomBar) {
           if (!this.bottomBar) {
               return Ext.create('My.own.WindowBottomBar', bottomBar);
           }
           else {
               this.bottomBar.setConfig(bottomBar);
           }
       }
   }
});

/** A child component to complete the example. */
Ext.define('My.own.WindowBottomBar', {
   config: {
       height: undefined,
       resizable: true
   }
});

And here's an example of how it can be used:

var myWindow = Ext.create('My.own.Window', {
    title: 'Hello World',
    bottomBar: {
        height: 60
    }
});

alert(myWindow.getTitle()); // alerts "Hello World"

myWindow.setTitle('Something New');

alert(myWindow.getTitle()); // alerts "Something New"

myWindow.setTitle(null); // alerts "Error: Title must be a valid non-empty string"

myWindow.setBottomBar({ height: 100 });

alert(myWindow.getBottomBar().getHeight()); // alerts 100

Statics

Static members can be defined using the statics config

Ext.define('Computer', {
    statics: {
        instanceCount: 0,
        factory: function(brand) {
            // 'this' in static methods refer to the class itself
            return new this({brand: brand});
        }
    },

    config: {
        brand: null
    }
});

var dellComputer = Computer.factory('Dell');
var appleComputer = Computer.factory('Mac');

alert(appleComputer.getBrand()); // using the auto-generated getter to get the value of a config property. Alerts "Mac"

Errors Handling & Debugging

Ext JS includes some useful features that will help you with debugging and error handling.

  • You can use Ext.getDisplayName() to get the display name of any method. This is especially useful for throwing errors that have the class name and method name in their description:

      throw new Error('['+ Ext.getDisplayName(arguments.callee) +'] Some message here');
    
  • When an error is thrown in any method of any class defined using Ext.define(), you should see the method and class names in the call stack if you are using a WebKit based browser (Chrome or Safari). For example, here is what it would look like in Chrome:

Ext JS 6.2.2